How to interpret the parable of the Vines:

God gives several lessons about vines. Hosea 10:1 speaks about Israel being blessed by a good harvest and subsequently setting up altars to thank God for the harvest. A harvest is only gotten when a crop is planted and tended. God wanted to get a good harvest of souls, love and praise from Israel, but it was not to be. Ezekiel 15:1-8 explains that the vine is not of value in the world of itself. It is only useful to nourish and hold the fruit. Verses 6 and 7 indicate that since Israel failed as a vine to bring forth God’s fruit, he would allow then to be attacked (burned & destroyed). The gentiles became the new vine to nourish God’s fruit. Isaiah 5:1-7 shows how God had planted and provided for good fruit through Israel, but it grew into bitter fruit. Therefore, He decided to almost destroy Israel by taking away their hedge of protection, verse 5, and make their land barren. The people of the world have done that very well over time. Matthew 21:33-46, Mark 12:1-11 and Luke 20:9-18 tell how a landowner, God, planted a vineyard, provided for it and went away. The people of Israel were the vine dressers that refused to give God the fruits of love, glory, praise and souls when due. They even attacked and killed the beloved son, Christ, when he came. Therefore, God decided to take away their protection and allow them to be attacked by the world. He then put the gentiles in charge of taking care of the fruit for Him.

Note that only God allowed Israel’s punishment. He never voided His covenant to take away their land, to be available when they have a change of heart and their eyes are opened to give God and Christ glory. God will curse any people that try to take what He has promised and given.